阻塞形势下内蒙古东南部地区一次冷涡暴雨过程水汽特征分析     

马素艳  伊娜娜  赵斐  张旭 《气象与环境学报》2019,(2):1-8

使用常规观测资料、FY-2G卫星及1°×1°的NCEP再分析资料,对2017年7月6—7日内蒙古东南部地区一次冷涡暴雨天气过程进行分析。结果表明:在稳定的"一槽一脊"型环流背景下,阻塞高压稳定维持,西风槽东移受阻移动缓慢,加深为涡,暴雨发生在冷涡发展加强阶段;低空急流建立,一方面形成偏南水汽输送,为暴雨提供源源不断的水汽,水汽收支主要集中在700 hPa以下,暴雨发生前水汽净收入明显增大,南、北边界水汽贡献率大;另一方面,偏南暖湿气流的输送使不稳定层结建立,能量在暴雨区积聚,偏南低空急流与高空急流耦合,又为暴雨发生提供了动力条件;暴雨发生前后湿度场变化显著,大气可降水量最大达到55—60 kg·m^-2,且暴雨发生前增幅显著,增幅近2倍。暴雨区700 hPa (850 hPa)上比湿不低于7 g·kg^-1(12 g·kg^-1),强降水出现在水汽图上白亮区断裂消失后,高层比湿峰值附近和相当黑体温度<230 K为强降水高发区。  相似文献   

夏季亚洲阻塞高压识别及其对中国东北气候异常的可能影响:不同再分析资料对比          下载免费PDF全文

刘刚  徐士琦  廉毅 《气象学报》2019,77(2):303-314

基于阻塞高压（阻高）客观识别方法,利用1979-2016年夏季（6-8月）NCEP-Ⅰ、NCEP-Ⅱ逐日再分析资料和ERA-interim逐6 h再分析资料对识别结果进行对比分析;并以D类（130°-160°E）阻高为例,讨论其对6月中国东北地区气候的可能影响。结果表明:NCEP-Ⅰ和NCEP-Ⅱ再分析资料对阻高活动天数、发生频次及年代际变化的识别结果差异较小,而ERA-interim与前两种资料的结果差别较大。3种再分析资料下,夏季各类阻高活动天数均与500 hPa高度场存在相应的显著相关区,且形态相近。但前两种资料对于各类阻高的表征结果较为一致,而ERA-interim再分析资料对各类阻高面积和范围的表征偏小。6月D类阻高活动日数与东北地区气温和降水关系密切,D类阻高活跃年,大气环流以经向型为主,东北地区低层低温、暖平流,高层高温、冷平流的结构指示大气层结不稳定,且东北上空为异常低压环流控制,上升气流较强,有利于6月东北地区出现低温多雨天气。鄂霍次克海地区是6月罗斯贝波的重要来源地之一,而6月D类阻高的形成可能与海-陆温差有关。   相似文献   

Synoptic analysis of sea level pressure patterns and Vertically Integrated Moisture Flux Convergence VIMFC during the occurrence of durable and pervasive rainfall in Iran     

《Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans》2019

To carry out this research, interpolated data of daily rainfall from Iran’s Asfazari data base during 1/1/1979–31/12/2013 is used. The day along with pervasive rainfall considered a day that at least 50% of Iran’s territory has received more than 1 mm for at least two consecutive days. Based on mentioned thresholds, 224 days selected for statistical analysis. The sea level pressure data, zonal and meridional wind components and specific humidity with spatial resolution of 0.25*0.25 Gaussian degree in spatial domain of 10 °N to 60 °N and 15 °E to 75 °E obtained from the European Center for Medium range Weather Forecasting (ECMWF) ERA-Interim for selected days. Then on the data matrix of sea level pressure, the cluster analysis by Ward linkage method done and 4 sea level pressure patterns with different configuration of synoptic systems were identified. The findings showed that in the sea level, the interaction between southern thermal low pressure systems (Arabia low pressure) with Europe and Siberia cold immigrant high pressure both by individual and integration and anticyclone circulation of Arab sea from the low level of 1000–500 hPa of troposphere have the most role on occurrence of durable and pervasive rainfall of Iran. The most Vertically Integrated Moisture Flux Convergence in the first layer of troposphere (1000–850 hPa) observed in low height regions, in the second layer of troposphere (775–700 hPa) on Zagros Mountains and in third layer of troposphere (600–500 hPa) is seen in mountains leeward of Iran. Also the results showed that the maximum rainfall cores has the most coordination with Vertically Integrated Moisture Flux Convergence (VIMFC) in the second layer of troposphere (775–700 hPa) on the Zagros heights in the southwest of Iran.  相似文献   

A diagnostic analysis of the weakening of West Pacific subtropical anticyclone during the period of South China Sea summer monsoon onset in 1998     

黄辰洁  蓝光东  徐敏贞  陈训来  王安宇  吴池胜 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2011,17(2):147-155

The onset of South China Sea summer monsoon in 1998 occurred on May 21st. Using the U.S. National Centers for Environmental Prediction reanalysis data, this paper examines the physical process of the weakening of a subtropical anticyclone in West Pacific during the onset period using the Zwack-Okossi vorticity equation. Results show that during the pre-onset period, the positive vorticity advection in front of an upper tropospheric trough was the most dominant physical mechanism for the increase of the cyclonic vorticity on the 850-hPa layer over the South China Sea and its nearby region. The secondary contribution to the increase of the cyclonic vorticity was the warm-air advection. After the onset, the magnitude of the latent-heat warming term rapidly increased and its effect on the increase of the cyclonic vorticity was about the same as the positive-vorticity advection. The adiabatic term and divergence term contributed negatively to the increase of the cyclonic vorticity most of the time. Thus, the positive vorticity advection is the most important physical mechanism for the weakening of the West Pacific subtropical anticyclone over the South China Sea during the onset period.  相似文献   

2010年广西高温热浪气象灾害成因分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

覃卫坚  李耀先 《气象研究与应用》2011,32(4):13-16

利用1951—2010年广西气温资料和NCEP／NCAR再分析资料,使用Morlet小波分析等方法．分析得到广西高温酷热天气有增高的变化趋势,具有12～14a和10a周期变化特征。2010年7-9月广西多次出现持续性大范围高温天气,多站次打破当地历史同期极端最高气温记录,主要成因为：副热带高压强度偏强、位置脊线偏西、广...  相似文献   

季风影响下的青藏高原上空甲烷、水汽及云的变化     

熊效振  张莹  陈良富  占瑞芬  李建平 《成都信息工程学院学报》2011,26(5):480-485

为进一步了解季风对于水汽及其它大气成分的输送作用,利用美国Aqua卫星上AIRS反演的甲烷（CH4）和MODIS反演的水汽、云高和云量等卫星观测资料,分析了2003至2010年中国青藏高原上空CH4、水汽和云在季风期间的变化及其与季风指数的关系。研究发现：夏季（6月至9月）高原上空水汽、云量和云顶高度的变化与季风指数有很好的相关;在强对流影响下,输送到高原上空的水汽增多,引起云量增多,云顶高度增加,而向上输送的甲烷引起高原上空CH4浓度增加,并在青藏高压强大的反气旋的阻塞下CH4不断积累,在季风期的后半程维持一个高值,但最大值出现在8月底至9月初,比季风指数的峰值晚近一个月。随着季风减退和青藏高压的消失,甲烷的高值快速消失。由此可见,夏季青藏高原的强对流输送无疑是甲烷高值形成的主要动力机制之一。cH4作为一种长寿命的温室气体,有潜力作为一种示踪气体来帮助研究季风和季风期间高原上空强大的反气旋动力机制的变化。  相似文献   

东北夏季月低温事件的定义及大气环流年代际特征分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李尚锋  应爽  姚耀显  廉毅 《气象与环境学报》2014,30(3):38-45

利用1960-2009年东北地区150个地面测站的逐日气温资料,定义了东北三省夏季月低温事件（简称MCSE）,并将其分为5类。结果表明：MCSE发生频率在20世纪60-70年代较高,80年代逐渐减少,90年代显著减少; 6月和8月以第Ⅲ类MCSE为主,而7月则是第Ⅱ类;在冷气候背景下,第Ⅱ类MCSE正涡动能量是由高纬向中纬度传播,正常背景下是由中纬度向高纬度传播,第Ⅲ类则与之相反,暖背景下第Ⅱ类MCSE的能量传播方向与冷背景一样,而第Ⅲ类则先是由低纬度向高低纬度传播,然后是由高纬度向低纬度传播;同时还发现,在冷背景下第Ⅱ类和第Ⅲ类MCSE,中国东北地区都是处于大范围强冷空气带的覆盖下,而正常期气候背景下这两类MCSE的东北冷涡和乌拉尔山阻塞高压（西阻）都比较明显,在暖背景下,第Ⅱ类MCSE的阻塞高压（中阻）、鄂霍次克海阻塞高压（东阻）以及东北冷涡系统都很明显,而第Ⅲ类MCSE的阻塞高压（中阻）和东北冷涡明显。  相似文献   

2009年早春苏南连阴雨和环流特征     

支风梅  施丹平  解小寒 《气象科技》2012,40(2):274-279

利用常规气象资料分析了2009年早春苏南地区连阴雨期间的降水特点和环流形势特征。分析表明,此次连阴雨过程具有持续时间特别长、降水量特别多、最高气温偏低、雷暴天气频发等特点。连阴雨期间,欧亚上空高层中高纬环流经历贝湖低槽型、阻塞型和一槽一脊型3个阶段,亚洲中纬度地区多短波槽东移,保证了连阴雨天气的冷空气来源。孟加拉湾南支槽活跃,西太平洋副高偏北,从南海和菲律宾海经副高外围气流的水汽输送是此次连阴雨天气的主要水汽来源。由于冷暖空气在长江下游持续的相互作用,造成了苏南地区长达21天的阴雨天气。  相似文献   

夏季鄂海阻高活动天数的年际变化及其前期征兆分析     

杨旭  刘刚  廉毅  尚博 《地理科学》2015,35(2):223-229

利用1951-2009年NCEP/NCAR高度场月平均资料、全球海表温度月平均资料、国家气候中心提供的东北地区24站逐月温度资料、鄂霍次克海阻塞高压（东阻）活动天数等数据,采用相关和奇异值分解分析（SVD）方法,分析夏季（6-8月）东阻活动天数的年际变化及其前期征兆,结果表明：夏季东阻活动天数年际变化阶段性明显,21世纪以来不仅处于强盛后期明显下降趋势阶段,而且年际变率显著增大;夏季东阻活动天数与中国东北地区中部及东部的温度呈显著负相关;春季至夏季赤道东太平洋（NINO3区）SSTA（特别是1977-2009年）呈El Niño位相是夏季东阻活动的最重要强迫源,当赤道东太平洋为El Niño状态,以及阿拉伯海与北太平洋西风漂流区为暖海温时,夏季东阻活动天数偏多;与夏季同期大西洋海温的SVD1模态表明,当大西洋海温SSTA整体上处于冷（暖）位相分布时,东阻活动天数偏少（多）;夏季东阻活动天数与春季NPO和极涡面积指数相关存在着的年代际变化特征,1951-1976年,夏季东阻活动天数仅与春季北半球极涡面积指数、亚洲极涡面积指数呈显著正相关, 1977-2009年,不仅与春季极涡面积指数呈正相关信号消失,而且,1951-2009年与春季NPO指数呈显著的正相关信号,在此期间也迅速减弱消失。  相似文献   

Remote forcing of Indian Ocean warming on Northwest Pacific during E1 Nino decaying years： a FOAM model approach     

胡海波  洪晓媛  张媛  杨修群  刘伟  卢华国  杨建玲 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2013,(6):1363-1371

This paper attempts to analyze in detail the remote influence of the Indian Ocean Basin warming on the Northwest Pacific （NWP） during the year of decaying E1 Nifio. Observation data and the Fast Ocean- Atmosphere coupled Model 1.5 were used to investigate the triggering conditions under which the remote influence is formed between the positive sea surface temperature （SST） anomaly in the North Indian Ocean and the Anomalous Northwest Pacific anticyclone （ANWPA）. Our research show that it is only when there is a contributory background wind field over the Indian Ocean, i,e., when the Indian Summer Monsoon （ISM） reaches its peak, that the warmer SST anomaly in the North Indian Ocean incites significant easterly wind anomalies in the lower atmosphere of the Indo-West tropical Pacific. This then produces the remote influence on the ANWPA. Therefore, the SST anomaly in the North Indian Ocean might interfere with the prediction of the East Asia Summer Monsoon in the year of decaying E1 Nifio. Both the sustaining effect of local negative SST anomalies in the NWP, and the remote effect of positive SST anomalies in the North Indian Ocean on the ANWPA, should be considered in further research.  相似文献